Etiology and Management of Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

Retinal vein occlusion is one of the vascular disorders affecting vision. Branch retinal vein occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion are the two basic types of vein occlusion. Branch retinal vein occlusion is three times more common than central retinal vein occlusion and is second only to diabetic retinopathy as the most common retinal vascular cause of visual impairment. The origin of branch retinal vein occlusion includes systemic factor-hypertension and local anatomic factor-arteriovenous crossings. Branch retinal vein occlusion results in misty or distorted vision. Retinal vein occlusion is a multifactor process. There is no single magic bullet that cures retinal vein occlusion. A comprehensive management of patients with retinal vein occlusion is necessary to correct associated diseases or predisposing abnormalities that could lead to local recurrences or systemic event. This paper reviews the etiology and treatment of retinal vein occlusion and recommends the collaboration between other branches for its management.